until

/ənˈtɪl/
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Up to a particular time, event, or point at which a situation changes.

Examples

  • The road is closed until further notice.
  • Keep stirring until the sauce thickens.
  • We have until Friday to decide.
  • The café is open until nine.
  • Do not sign until you have read everything.

Similar words

till
till
up to the point when
up to

Meanings

Up to a time or event

preposition
time
neutral
Continuing or remaining true up to the named time, point, or event, with a noun phrase as the endpoint.

Examples

  • The café is open until nine.
  • She worked until midnight.
  • We have until Friday to decide.
  • The road is closed until further notice.
  • I did not know until yesterday.

Similar words

Up to when something happens

conjunction
time
neutral
Continuing to a point introduced by a clause, or not happening before the event in that clause occurs.

Examples

  • Wait here until I return.
  • Keep stirring until the sauce thickens.
  • We stayed outside until the doors opened.
  • Do not sign until you have read everything.
  • She did not relax until the results arrived.

Similar words

Etymology

Formed in Middle English from till, meaning “up to,” with the prefix un-. In this word the prefix reinforces the time limit; it is not the negative prefix found in words such as unhappy.

FAQ

What does until mean?

Until marks the endpoint of a continuing situation or the point before which something does not happen.

What is the difference between until and by?

Until describes continuation up to an endpoint. By gives the latest time for completion: stay until five, but finish by five.

What comes after until?

As a preposition, it takes a noun phrase such as until Friday. As a conjunction, it introduces a clause such as until I return.

Are until and till the same?

They usually have the same meaning. Till is not an abbreviation and is standard, though it can sound slightly less formal.

What does not until mean?

It says that something happens only at the stated time or after the stated event: “I did not leave until noon.”

How do you pronounce until?

Until is pronounced /ənˈtɪl/.

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